Enjoying the sun means relaxing – but sometimes it ends with a painful sunburn. Even though most protective measures are well known, it’s worth paying special attention to them, especially while on vacation.
Summer’s carefree vibe often makes us forget how important sun protection is. The result: by the first evening, the skin is already red and irritated.
In this article, you’ll learn:
- How to avoid sunburn while traveling
- How to determine the right sun protection factor (SPF) for your skin
- What sunscreens do and what to look for when choosing one
- Tips for protecting your hair from UV rays
- Answers to common questions about sunburn
How to prevent sunburn
Avoid midday sun
Between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., UV radiation is especially intense. Plan activities outside of this time or seek shaded areas. If you must be outdoors: wear a hat, sunglasses, and stay in the shade as much as possible.
Note: UV rays still reach the skin even in the shade.
Apply sunscreen correctly
To ensure sunscreen works effectively, proper application is key. Apply gently without rubbing too hard, as UV filters act on the skin’s surface. Use generously and reapply every two hours.
Wear protective clothing
Light fabrics often don’t offer enough protection. Opt for tightly woven materials or clothing with a UV protection label – polyester is especially recommended. Make sure to cover sensitive areas like shoulders and legs.
Don’t forget eye protection
Not all sunglasses reliably block UV rays. Look for the “UV400” label to ensure effective protection – your eyes are just as sensitive as your skin.
Stay hydrated
The sun depletes your body’s fluids. Drink water regularly – even if you don’t feel thirsty.
Which SPF suits which skin type?
The right SPF depends on your skin type. Dermatologists classify six types:
- Type I: Very fair skin, red hair, freckles, no tanning, very sensitive (self-protection time < 10 min)
- Type II: Fair skin, blonde to brown hair, slow tanning, frequent sunburn (10–20 min)
- Type III: Medium skin tone, brown to black hair, occasional sunburn (20–30 min)
- Type IV: Olive skin, tans quickly, rare sunburn (> 30 min)
- Type V: Dark skin, tans very quickly, almost no sunburn (> 90 min)
- Type VI: Very dark skin, virtually no sunburn (> 90 min)
Understanding sunscreen: filter types and selection
Sunscreen is essential protection. There are two types:
- Chemical filters: Absorb UV rays, easy to apply, may irritate sensitive skin
- Mineral filters: Reflect UV rays, ideal for sensitive skin or children
When choosing a product, consider:
- The right SPF for your skin type
- Water resistance for water activities
- Fragrance-free or alcohol-free options for sensitive skin
Hair protection from the sun – often overlooked
Hair can also be damaged by UV rays: it dries out, becomes brittle, and loses shine. Protect your hair by:
- Using UV protection spray
- Wearing a hat or scarf
- Using gentle shampoos after sun exposure
- Applying a nourishing hair mask after beach visits
Frequently asked questions about sunburn
What to do if you get sunburned on vacation?
Cool the skin with lukewarm water, apply soothing lotion (e.g., with aloe vera or calendula), and avoid further sun exposure. If you have a fever or blisters: seek medical help.
Which home remedies help?
Aloe vera, natural yogurt, black tea, or chamomile can soothe the skin. Test on a small area first.
How long does healing take?
Mild sunburn usually heals within 2–3 days. More severe cases can take up to a week and may involve peeling.
How to recognize a severe burn?
Redness and warmth indicate a mild sunburn. Blisters, purple skin, or nausea may signal a second-degree burn – medical attention is needed.
Can you get sunburned on a cloudy day?
Yes – up to 80% of UV rays penetrate clouds. Use sun protection even when it’s overcast.
Which products are suitable for children?
Fragrance-free and alcohol-free products designed for sensitive skin. Aloe vera or thermal water sprays are recommended. When in doubt, ask a pharmacist.
What are the long-term effects of frequent sunburn?
Increased risk of skin aging, pigmentation disorders, and skin cancer – especially malignant melanoma.
When should you see a doctor?
If symptoms are severe, with fever, blisters, or signs of dehydration, seek medical advice.